Lumbar

From WikiMD.com Medical Encyclopedia


Overview[edit | edit source]

The lumbar region, often referred to as the lower back, is a critical area of the human vertebral column. It consists of five vertebrae, labeled L1 through L5, which are situated between the thoracic vertebrae and the sacrum. This region is responsible for supporting much of the body's weight and allows for a range of movements, including flexion, extension, and some lateral flexion.

Diagram of the lumbar region in the human skeleton

Anatomy[edit | edit source]

The lumbar vertebrae are characterized by their large size and robust structure, which is necessary to support the weight of the upper body. Each vertebra consists of a vertebral body, a vertebral arch, and several processes for muscular and ligamentous attachment.

Vertebral Body[edit | edit source]

The vertebral body of each lumbar vertebra is large and kidney-shaped, designed to bear significant loads. The superior and inferior surfaces of the vertebral bodies are slightly concave and articulate with the intervertebral discs.

Vertebral Arch[edit | edit source]

The vertebral arch is formed by the pedicles and laminae, which enclose the vertebral foramen. This foramen forms part of the vertebral canal, which houses the spinal cord and its associated structures.

Processes[edit | edit source]

The lumbar vertebrae have several processes:

  • Spinous Process: A single, posteriorly projecting process that serves as an attachment point for muscles and ligaments.
  • Transverse Processes: Two lateral projections that also serve as attachment points for muscles and ligaments.
  • Articular Processes: Superior and inferior articular processes that form the facet joints with adjacent vertebrae, allowing for movement and stability.

Function[edit | edit source]

The lumbar region plays a crucial role in supporting the upper body and enabling movement. It allows for flexion, extension, and some lateral flexion, which are essential for activities such as bending, lifting, and twisting. The lumbar spine also protects the lower part of the spinal cord and the cauda equina, a bundle of nerve roots that extend from the lower end of the spinal cord.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

The lumbar region is a common site for back pain and other disorders due to its role in weight-bearing and movement. Conditions such as lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis, and spondylolisthesis can cause significant discomfort and disability. Proper posture, ergonomic practices, and regular exercise can help maintain lumbar health and prevent injury.

Related Pages[edit | edit source]

WikiMD
Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index‏‎ - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes

Search WikiMD

Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD

WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Let Food Be Thy Medicine
Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates

Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates, categories Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.

Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD