Lunar phase

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Lunar libration with phase Oct 2007 (continuous loop)

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Lunar phase

File:Lunar phase diagram.svg

Diagram of the lunar phases

The lunar phase or phase of the Moon is the shape of the directly sunlit portion of the Moon as viewed from Earth. The lunar phases change cyclically as the Moon orbits the Earth, according to the changing relative positions of the Earth, Moon, and Sun. This cycle is known as the lunar cycle.

Phases of the Moon

The primary phases of the Moon are:

• New Moon: The Moon is between the Earth and the Sun, and the side of the Moon facing Earth is not illuminated.
• Waxing Crescent: A sliver of the Moon becomes visible as it moves away from the Sun.
• First Quarter: Half of the Moon is illuminated and visible from Earth.
• Waxing Gibbous: More than half of the Moon is illuminated.
• Full Moon: The entire face of the Moon is illuminated.
• Waning Gibbous: The illumination decreases after a full moon.
• Last Quarter: Half of the Moon is illuminated, opposite to the first quarter.
• Waning Crescent: A sliver of the Moon is visible before it moves into the new moon phase again.

Lunar Cycle

The lunar cycle, also known as the synodic month, lasts about 29.53 days. This is the time it takes for the Moon to complete one full orbit around the Earth and return to the same phase.

Tidal Effects

The gravitational interaction between the Earth and the Moon causes tides on Earth. The phases of the Moon can affect the height and timing of tides, with the highest tides occurring during the new and full moon phases, known as spring tides.

Cultural Significance

Throughout history, the lunar phases have held significant cultural and religious importance. Many calendars, such as the Islamic calendar, are based on the lunar cycle. Festivals and rituals in various cultures are often aligned with specific lunar phases.

Related Pages

• Moon
• Earth
• Sun
• Tide
• Spring tide
• Islamic calendar
• Synodic month

See Also

• Lunar eclipse
• Solar eclipse
• Astronomy
• Celestial mechanics