Maize lethal necrosis disease

Maize lethal necrosis disease (MLND) is a viral disease that affects maize crops. It is caused by a combination of two viruses, the Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and any of the cereal viruses in the Potyviridae family, such as Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV), Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), or Johnsongrass mosaic virus (JGMV). The disease is characterized by severe mottling of the leaves, leading to necrosis and the eventual death of the plant.

Symptoms

The symptoms of MLND include severe mottling of the leaves, necrosis, and the eventual death of the plant. The disease can cause significant yield losses in maize crops, and in severe cases, can lead to total crop failure.

Causes

MLND is caused by a combination of two viruses, the Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and any of the cereal viruses in the Potyviridae family. The disease is spread by insect vectors, including thrips, aphids, and leaf beetles.

Management

Management of MLND involves the use of resistant maize varieties, good agricultural practices, and control of insect vectors. Crop rotation and intercropping with non-host plants can also help to reduce the incidence of the disease.

Impact

MLND has a significant impact on maize production, particularly in Africa where the disease has been reported in several countries including Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, and Rwanda. The disease can cause significant yield losses and in severe cases, can lead to total crop failure.

See also

• Maize
• Viral diseases of plants
• Maize chlorotic mottle virus
• Potyviridae

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