Mangifera indica

A comprehensive overview of Mangifera indica''

Overview

Mangifera indica, commonly known as the mango, is a species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is native to South Asia, specifically the region between the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia. The mango is widely cultivated for its edible fruit, which is one of the most popular fruits in the world.

Botanical Description

Mangifera indica is a large evergreen tree that can grow up to 30 meters (98 feet) tall. The tree has a dense and rounded canopy. The leaves are simple, alternate, and lanceolate, with a leathery texture and a dark green color. Young leaves are reddish or purplish.

The flowers of the mango tree are small, white to yellowish, and borne in large panicles. The fruit is a drupe, varying in size, shape, and color. It typically has a single large seed surrounded by a fleshy mesocarp, which is the edible part of the fruit.

Cultivation and Varieties

Mangoes are cultivated in tropical and subtropical climates. They require a frost-free environment and well-drained soil. There are hundreds of mango cultivars, each with unique flavors, textures, and colors. Some popular varieties include Alphonso, Haden, Tommy Atkins, and Kent.

Nutritional Value

Mangoes are rich in vitamins, particularly vitamin C and vitamin A. They also contain dietary fiber, antioxidants, and several essential minerals. The fruit is low in calories and has a sweet, juicy flavor.

Uses

Culinary

Mangoes are consumed fresh, dried, or processed into various products such as juices, nectars, and jams. They are also used in cooking, particularly in South Asian cuisine, where they are added to curries, chutneys, and desserts.

Medicinal

In traditional medicine, different parts of the mango tree are used for their purported health benefits. The leaves, bark, and seeds are used in various remedies for ailments such as diarrhea, diabetes, and inflammation.

Cultural Significance

The mango holds cultural significance in many countries. In India, it is considered the "king of fruits" and is associated with love and prosperity. Mango motifs are common in Indian art and textiles.

Images

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A mature mango tree in full bloom.

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Ripe mangoes ready for harvest.

Related Pages

• Anacardiaceae
• Tropical fruit
• Vitamin C
• Indian cuisine