Maria Reiche

Maria Reiche 1986

Maria Reiche (15 May 1903 – 8 June 1998) was a German mathematician, archaeologist, and technical translator who is best known for her research and preservation efforts of the Nazca Lines in Peru. Born in Dresden, Germany, Reiche moved to Peru in 1932, where she initially worked as a governess and teacher. Her interest in the Nazca Lines began in the 1940s when she started working with American archaeologist Paul Kosok. Together, they conducted the first systematic study of the geoglyphs, large designs or motifs created on the ground by removing rocks and earth to reveal the contrasting materials below.

Early Life and Education

Maria Reiche was born in Dresden, Germany, to a comfortable middle-class family. She pursued higher education at the Technical University of Dresden, where she studied mathematics, astronomy, geography, and foreign languages, showcasing her diverse interests and intellect from an early age.

Career

After moving to Peru, Reiche's initial work as a governess allowed her to learn Spanish and become acquainted with the country's culture and history. Her life took a significant turn when she met Paul Kosok in 1940, and her fascination with the Nazca Lines began. Reiche dedicated her life to studying, mapping, and protecting these ancient figures. She developed theories regarding the purpose of the lines, suggesting they served as an astronomical calendar or were related to water cults.

Reiche's methods were meticulous and often involved physical challenges, as she would walk the lines, sometimes for days, to measure and document them. She used simple tools like a compass, measuring tape, and ladder. Her dedication led to the Nazca Lines being recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994, ensuring their preservation for future generations.

Legacy

Maria Reiche is often referred to as the "Lady of the Lines" due to her unwavering commitment to the Nazca Lines. Her work not only contributed to the understanding of one of Peru's most mysterious archaeological sites but also played a crucial role in their conservation. The Maria Reiche Neuman Foundation continues her legacy, promoting the study and preservation of the Nazca Lines.

Reiche's life and work have been recognized through various awards and honors, both in Peru and internationally. The Peruvian government awarded her the Order of the Sun, the country's highest distinction, in recognition of her contributions.

Death and Memorials

Maria Reiche passed away on 8 June 1998 in Lima, Peru, at the age of 95. Her final resting place is near the Nazca Lines, a fitting tribute to her life's work. The Maria Reiche Museum near Nazca serves as a memorial and educational center, housing her personal belongings, maps, and photographs related to her research.

See Also

• Nazca Culture
• Archaeoastronomy
• Geoglyph