Martha's Vineyard Sign Language

File:Martha's Vineyard Sign Language (MSVL) of the past.ogv Martha's Vineyard Sign Language (MVSL) was a unique sign language that was once widely used on the island of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, from the early 18th century until the 1950s. It developed among both the deaf and hearing populations, creating a fully integrated community that was bilingual in MVSL and English. The history and development of MVSL provide valuable insights into the nature of language evolution, community practices, and the social integration of individuals with disabilities.

History

The origins of Martha's Vineyard Sign Language trace back to the early 18th century when a significant number of Martha's Vineyard's inhabitants, particularly in the town of Chilmark, were either deaf or had deaf family members. This high incidence of deafness was largely due to genetic factors, specifically the inheritance of a recessive gene. As a result, MVSL developed as a means of communication that was used by both deaf and hearing members of the community, leading to a unique societal integration.

Characteristics

MVSL was characterized by its use of manual gestures to convey meaning, similar to other sign languages. However, it also incorporated elements unique to the Martha's Vineyard community. It facilitated communication among all community members, regardless of their hearing ability, and was used in various settings, including schools, churches, and homes.

Decline

The decline of MVSL began in the late 19th and early 20th centuries with the introduction of formal education for the deaf outside of Martha's Vineyard. This education was often in American Sign Language (ASL), which gradually replaced MVSL as the primary means of communication for the deaf on the island. The last known fluent user of MVSL died in 1952, marking the end of the language's active use.

Legacy

The legacy of MVSL lives on in the study of sign language and deaf culture. It is an important subject in the field of linguistics, providing insights into how sign languages develop and function within communities. Additionally, the history of MVSL serves as a reminder of the potential for inclusive societies that accommodate all members, regardless of physical abilities.

See Also

• Sign language
• American Sign Language
• Deaf culture
• Linguistics