Mass (liturgy)

Pontifical Mass - 15th Century - Project Gutenberg eText 16531

Mass (liturgy) is the central act of worship in the Roman Catholic Church, which describes it as "the source and summit of the Christian life". The term "Mass" is derived from the Latin word missa, a word used in the concluding formula of the liturgy in the Latin Church. It is equivalent to the English word "dismissal". Over time, the term missa came to imply a 'mission', as the congregation is sent forth to serve God following their participation in the sacrament.

The Mass, as celebrated in the Roman Catholic Church, is divided into two main parts: the Liturgy of the Word and the Liturgy of the Eucharist, with the introductory rites and concluding rites serving as bookends. The Liturgy of the Word includes readings from the Scriptures, a homily, the Nicene Creed, and prayers of the faithful. The Liturgy of the Eucharist includes the presentation of the bread and wine, the consecratory thanksgiving, and communion.

The Mass is rich in ritual, symbolism, and sacrament, reflecting the depth and breadth of Catholic theology. It incorporates elements such as prayer, music, and liturgical vestments, which serve to elevate the senses and point towards the sacred. The celebration of the Mass can take various forms, including the Tridentine Mass, the Novus Ordo Mass, and others, reflecting the liturgical diversity within the Church.