Maya peoples

Maya peoples are an ethnolinguistic group of indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica. They inhabit southern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, and Honduras. The Maya peoples are renowned for their highly developed writing system, as well as for their advancements in art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical systems.

History

The history of the Maya peoples can be divided into three periods: the Preclassic, Classic, and Postclassic periods.

Preclassic Period

The Preclassic Period (2000 BC to 250 AD) saw the establishment of the first complex societies in the Maya region. The Maya peoples began to develop the sophisticated calendar systems and hieroglyphic writing that they would become famous for.

Classic Period

The Classic Period (250 AD to 900 AD) was the golden age of the Maya civilization. This period was marked by significant urbanization, the construction of monumental architecture, and the development of an intricate social and political order.

Postclassic Period

The Postclassic Period (900 AD to 1500s AD) was characterized by the decline of the major Classic Period city-states and the rise of new centers in the northern Yucatán Peninsula. This period ended with the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century.

Culture

The Maya peoples have a rich and diverse culture, with traditions in art, architecture, food, language, and religion.

Art

Maya art is renowned for its sophistication and beauty. The Maya created a wide range of art forms, including sculpture, ceramics, wall paintings, and textiles.

Architecture

Maya architecture is notable for its grand scale and intricate detail. The Maya built impressive temples, palaces, ball courts, and pyramids, many of which are still standing today.

Food

The traditional diet of the Maya peoples includes maize, beans, squash, chili peppers, and cacao. The Maya are credited with the invention of chocolate.

Language

The Maya peoples speak a variety of Mayan languages, which are part of the larger Mayan language family.

Religion

The Maya religion is a complex polytheistic system with a pantheon of gods, rituals, and beliefs about the afterlife.

Modern Maya

Today, the Maya peoples continue to maintain their cultural traditions while also adapting to modern life. They contribute significantly to the cultural diversity and richness of their respective countries.