Meal, Combat, Individual ration

Crations

Meal, Combat, Individual (MCI) ration, commonly known as the C-ration, was a type of field ration used by the United States military from 1938 to the early 1980s. Designed to be eaten when organized food facilities were not available, the MCI provided a balanced diet for soldiers in the field. It replaced the earlier Reserve Ration and was itself replaced by the Meal, Ready-to-Eat (MRE) in the early 1980s.

History

The development of the MCI ration began in the late 1930s, with the aim of improving the portability, nutritional value, and palatability of military rations. The first iteration was introduced in 1938. Over the years, the contents and packaging of the MCI underwent several revisions to enhance its usability and to cater to the changing nutritional requirements and tastes of the military personnel.

During World War II, the MCI ration was extensively used by U.S. forces. It played a crucial role in sustaining soldiers in various theaters of operations, where traditional supply lines were disrupted or non-existent. The ration's design allowed it to be carried and consumed by individual soldiers, providing them with the necessary calories and nutrients to maintain their health and energy levels in challenging conditions.

Components

The MCI ration typically consisted of a main course, bread or crackers, a dessert, and an accessory pack. The main course was canned and could include a variety of meats, stews, or pasta dishes. Bread or crackers were provided as a carbohydrate source, while desserts could range from fruit to various types of cake or cookies. The accessory pack included items such as coffee, sugar, salt, chewing gum, and cigarettes.

Packaging

Originally, the MCI ration components were packed in metal cans, which made the rations durable but heavy and cumbersome. In the 1970s, efforts were made to reduce the weight and improve the convenience of the rations by introducing lighter packaging materials, such as plastic and aluminum. However, the MCI was eventually phased out in favor of the MRE, which used more advanced packaging technologies to extend shelf life and reduce weight.

Impact

The MCI ration represented a significant advancement in military logistics and nutrition. It ensured that soldiers had access to adequate nutrition in various combat and field conditions, contributing to their overall effectiveness and well-being. The lessons learned from the development and deployment of the MCI ration informed subsequent generations of military rations, including the MRE, which continues to serve as the standard field ration for the U.S. military.

Legacy

Although no longer in use, the MCI ration remains a subject of interest among military historians, collectors, and enthusiasts. Its development and evolution reflect broader changes in military strategy, technology, and nutrition science over the course of the 20th century.