Medial frontal gyrus

The medial frontal gyrus is a part of the frontal lobe of the brain. It is located on the medial surface of the hemisphere, which is the inner side of the brain that faces the opposite hemisphere. The medial frontal gyrus is involved in various high-level cognitive functions, including decision-making, self-control, and aspects of personality.

Anatomy

The medial frontal gyrus is situated in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which is part of the prefrontal cortex. It lies anterior to the paracentral lobule and superior to the cingulate gyrus. The medial frontal gyrus is bounded by the superior frontal gyrus laterally and the paracentral sulcus posteriorly.

Function

The medial frontal gyrus plays a crucial role in several cognitive processes. It is involved in:

• Decision-making: The medial frontal gyrus is active during tasks that require evaluating options and making choices.
• Self-control: This region helps in regulating impulses and controlling behavior.
• Personality: It contributes to the formation and expression of personality traits.
• Social cognition: The medial frontal gyrus is implicated in understanding and processing social information.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the medial frontal gyrus can result in various cognitive and behavioral deficits. Lesions in this area may lead to difficulties in decision-making, impaired self-control, and changes in personality. Conditions such as schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder have been associated with abnormalities in the medial frontal gyrus.

Research

Ongoing research is exploring the specific functions and connections of the medial frontal gyrus. Studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and other neuroimaging techniques are helping to elucidate its role in complex cognitive tasks and its interactions with other brain regions.

See also

• Frontal lobe
• Prefrontal cortex
• Cingulate gyrus
• Paracentral lobule
• Superior frontal gyrus