Mediterranean fruit fly

Mediterranean Fruit Fly

The Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata), also known as the medfly, is a species of fruit fly capable of causing extensive damage to a wide range of fruit crops. It is native to the Mediterranean region, but has spread invasively to many parts of the world, including Australasia and North and South America.

Biology

The Mediterranean fruit fly is a small, yellowish-brown insect with bright red eyes. The adults are about 3-5 mm long, and the female is usually larger than the male. The larvae are white and legless, about 7-8 mm long, with a typical fruit fly larval shape.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of the Mediterranean fruit fly involves four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The female lays her eggs under the skin of the fruit, the larvae hatch and feed on the fruit, then drop to the ground and pupate in the soil. The adults emerge from the pupae and the cycle begins again.

Impact on Agriculture

The Mediterranean fruit fly is considered a major agricultural pest. The larvae feed on the fruit, making it unmarketable and often causing it to rot. The species is highly invasive and can rapidly colonize new areas, making it a significant threat to fruit production worldwide.

Control Methods

Control methods for the Mediterranean fruit fly include the use of insecticides, bait sprays, and the release of sterile males to disrupt breeding. Biological control methods, such as the introduction of natural enemies, are also used.

See Also

• Fruit fly
• Invasive species
• Biological pest control