Melanthera biflora

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Melanthera biflora kidatihamaguruma01

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Wollastonia biflora

Melanthera biflora, commonly known as Beach Wirevine or Wollastonia biflora, is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family, which is notable for its widespread distribution in tropical and subtropical coastal areas. This plant is an important component of coastal ecosystems, providing erosion control and habitat for wildlife. It is characterized by its sprawling habit, small daisy-like flowers, and its ability to thrive in harsh coastal environments.

Description

Melanthera biflora is a perennial herb that grows as a groundcover or a low shrub. It has a sprawling growth habit, often forming dense mats that can cover large areas. The leaves are small, green, and ovate to lanceolate in shape, with edges that can be either smooth or slightly toothed. The plant produces small, yellow, daisy-like flowers throughout the year, which are followed by small, black, seed-containing fruits.

Distribution and Habitat

Melanthera biflora is found in a wide range of tropical and subtropical regions around the world, including the Pacific Islands, Southeast Asia, parts of Africa, and the coastal regions of the Americas. It prefers sandy soils and is commonly found in beach areas, dunes, and other coastal environments. Its ability to tolerate salt spray and sandy soils makes it an important plant for stabilizing dunes and preventing erosion.

Ecology

The plant plays a significant role in its ecosystem, providing food and habitat for various forms of wildlife. Its flowers attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies, while the dense mats of foliage provide shelter for small animals and insects. Melanthera biflora is also known to be a pioneer species, often one of the first plants to colonize disturbed or newly formed dunes, contributing to soil stabilization and the establishment of other vegetation.

Uses

While Melanthera biflora is primarily valued for its ecological roles, it has also been used in traditional medicine in some cultures. Parts of the plant are used to treat various ailments, although scientific evidence supporting these uses is limited. Additionally, its ability to prevent erosion makes it a valuable plant for coastal restoration projects and for landscaping in coastal areas.

Conservation

Although Melanthera biflora is not currently listed as endangered, its habitat is threatened by coastal development, pollution, and climate change. Efforts to conserve coastal habitats are essential for the preservation of this species and the overall health of coastal ecosystems.