Melatonin (supplement)

Melatonin is a hormone that is naturally produced by the pineal gland in the brain. It is primarily released at night and is involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle. In addition to its natural production, melatonin is also available as a dietary supplement, often used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders.

Production and Function

Melatonin production is influenced by the circadian rhythm, with levels typically peaking in the middle of the night. The hormone's primary function is to help regulate the body's sleep-wake cycle, signaling to the body when it is time to sleep. Melatonin also has antioxidant properties and plays a role in immune function.

Melatonin Supplements

Melatonin supplements are often used to treat a variety of sleep disorders, including insomnia, jet lag, and shift work disorder. They are also sometimes used to treat certain medical conditions, such as migraines, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer. However, the effectiveness of melatonin supplements for these conditions is still being researched.

Side Effects and Risks

While melatonin supplements are generally considered safe for short-term use, they can cause side effects such as headache, dizziness, and nausea. Long-term use of melatonin supplements is not well-studied, and there may be risks associated with prolonged use. It is recommended to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.

Regulation

In many countries, including the United States, melatonin supplements are classified as a dietary supplement and are not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This means that the quality and potency of melatonin supplements can vary widely between brands.

See Also

• Insomnia
• Jet lag
• Shift work sleep disorder
• Circadian rhythm
• Pineal gland

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