Memory B cell

Memory B cells are a B cell subtype that are formed within germinal centers following primary infection.

Function

Memory B cells can survive for decades and repeatedly generate an antibody response to the antigen that triggered their production. They are responsible for the long-term immunity that results after infection or vaccination.

Formation

Memory B cells are formed from activated naive B cells that have encountered their specific antigen during a primary immune response. These cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells and memory B cells.

Activation

Upon re-exposure to their cognate antigen, memory B cells can differentiate into plasma cells that produce high-affinity antibodies or they can undergo a secondary germinal center reaction.

Types

There are two types of memory B cells: the BCR-independent memory B cells and the BCR-dependent memory B cells. The BCR-independent memory B cells are activated by T cells, while the BCR-dependent memory B cells are activated by the antigen itself.

Clinical significance

Memory B cells play a crucial role in vaccine-induced immunity. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate their formation and function could lead to the development of more effective vaccines.