Meruliaceae

Merulius_tremellosus_-_Lindsey

Meruliaceae is a family of fungi in the order Polyporales. This family is known for its diverse and widespread species, many of which are wood-decaying fungi. Members of the Meruliaceae family are primarily found in forested areas where they play a crucial role in the decomposition of wood, contributing to nutrient cycling in ecosystems.

Description

The fungi in the Meruliaceae family exhibit a variety of fruiting body forms, including resupinate (crust-like), effused-reflexed (partially crust-like with edges that turn outward), and pileate (cap-like) structures. The texture of these fruiting bodies can range from soft and fleshy to tough and woody. The hymenophore, or spore-bearing surface, is often smooth, wrinkled, or poroid (having pores).

Genera

The Meruliaceae family includes several genera, some of which are:

• Merulius
• Phlebia
• Phanerochaete
• Bjerkandera
• Gloeoporus

Ecology

Members of the Meruliaceae family are saprotrophic, meaning they obtain nutrients by decomposing dead organic matter, particularly wood. They are important agents of wood decay, breaking down lignin and cellulose, which are the main components of wood. This process not only recycles nutrients back into the ecosystem but also helps in the formation of soil.

Distribution

The Meruliaceae family has a cosmopolitan distribution, with species found in various parts of the world, including temperate and tropical regions. They are commonly found on dead wood, fallen logs, and tree stumps in forested areas.

Importance

The fungi in the Meruliaceae family are ecologically significant due to their role in wood decay and nutrient cycling. Some species are also studied for their potential applications in bioremediation and industrial processes, such as the degradation of pollutants and the production of enzymes.

Related Pages

• Fungi
• Polyporales
• Wood decay
• Saprotrophic nutrition
• Lignin degradation