Messapians

Messapian_pottery

Illyrian_colonies_in_Italy_550_BC_(English)_(simple_map)

Map_of_Ancient_Italy,_Southern_Part

Messapians

The Messapians were an ancient Illyrian tribe that inhabited the southeastern part of the Italian Peninsula, specifically the region known today as Apulia. They are believed to have settled in this area around the 8th century BCE. The Messapians were known for their distinctive culture, language, and interactions with neighboring tribes and civilizations.

History

The Messapians are thought to have migrated from the eastern shores of the Adriatic Sea and settled in the region of Apulia. Their arrival in Italy is often associated with the broader movements of the Illyrian tribes during the early Iron Age. The Messapians established several important settlements, including the cities of Brindisi, Lecce, and Otranto.

Culture

The Messapian culture was characterized by its unique language, which is classified as a member of the Messapic language family. This language is known from various inscriptions found in the region. The Messapians also had their own distinct art and architecture, which included the construction of large stone walls and tombs.

Economy

The economy of the Messapians was primarily based on agriculture, animal husbandry, and trade. They cultivated crops such as wheat, barley, and olives, and raised livestock including cattle, sheep, and goats. The Messapians were also skilled craftsmen, producing pottery, metalwork, and textiles.

Relations with Other Tribes and Civilizations

The Messapians had complex relationships with their neighbors, including the Peucetians, Daunians, and Greeks. They were often involved in conflicts and alliances with these groups. The Messapians also had interactions with the Roman Republic, which eventually led to their incorporation into the Roman state.

Archaeological Discoveries

Numerous archaeological sites have been discovered in the region once inhabited by the Messapians. These sites have provided valuable insights into their way of life, including their burial practices, religious beliefs, and social organization. Notable archaeological finds include the Messapian necropolises and the remains of their fortified settlements.

Legacy

The legacy of the Messapians is evident in the cultural and historical heritage of the Apulia region. Their influence can be seen in the local traditions, place names, and archaeological remains that continue to be studied by historians and archaeologists.

Related Pages

• Illyrians
• Apulia
• Messapic language
• Brindisi
• Lecce
• Otranto
• Peucetians
• Daunians
• Roman Republic