Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4) is a type of metabotropic glutamate receptor that is encoded by the GRM4 gene in humans. These receptors are part of the G protein-coupled receptor family and are involved in various physiological processes in the body.

Function

mGluR4 receptors are predominantly found in the central nervous system, particularly in the cerebellum and basal ganglia. They play a crucial role in modulating neurotransmission. Activation of mGluR4 receptors inhibits the release of glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. This action is believed to have neuroprotective effects and may be beneficial in conditions such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia.

Clinical significance

Research has shown that mGluR4 receptors may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Activation of these receptors has been found to reduce motor symptoms in animal models of the disease. In addition, mGluR4 receptors may also be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders.

Pharmacology

Several mGluR4 positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) have been developed for research purposes. These compounds enhance the activity of the receptor and may have potential therapeutic applications.

See also

• Metabotropic glutamate receptor
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Parkinson's disease
• Schizophrenia

References

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