Metildigoxin

Metildigoxin is a cardiac glycoside, a type of drug that can increase the force of heart contractions, control heart rate, and alleviate symptoms of heart failure. It is a semi-synthetic derivative of digoxin, a naturally occurring cardiac glycoside found in the foxglove plant (Digitalis purpurea).

Pharmacology

Metildigoxin works by inhibiting the sodium-potassium ATPase pump in the myocardial (heart muscle) cells. This inhibition leads to an increase in intracellular sodium levels, which then causes an influx of calcium into the cells. The increased calcium levels enhance the force of heart contractions, known as positive inotropy. Additionally, metildigoxin slows the conduction of electrical impulses in the heart, particularly at the atrioventricular node, leading to a slower heart rate.

Clinical Use

Metildigoxin is used in the treatment of various heart conditions, including atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and heart failure. It is particularly useful in patients with heart failure who also have a rapid irregular heartbeat, as it can control the heart rate and improve symptoms.

Side Effects

Like other cardiac glycosides, metildigoxin has a narrow therapeutic index, meaning there is a small difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose. Side effects can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, visual disturbances, and cardiac arrhythmias. In severe cases, metildigoxin toxicity can lead to life-threatening arrhythmias.

See Also

• Cardiac glycoside
• Digoxin
• Heart failure
• Atrial fibrillation
• Atrial flutter

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