Progestogen-only pill

From WikiMD.com - Food, Medicine & Wellness Encyclopedia

(Redirected from Minipill)

Progestogen-only Pill[edit | edit source]

The progestogen-only pill (POP), also known as the mini-pill, is a type of oral contraceptive that contains only progestogen hormones, unlike the combined oral contraceptive pill which contains both estrogen and progestogen. The primary function of the progestogen-only pill is to prevent pregnancy by altering the cervical mucus and the endometrial lining, and in some cases, suppressing ovulation.

Progesterone structure

Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]

The progestogen-only pill works primarily by thickening the cervical mucus, which acts as a barrier to sperm penetration. This change in the cervical mucus is the main mechanism by which the POP prevents pregnancy. Additionally, the progestogen-only pill alters the endometrium (the lining of the uterus), making it less suitable for implantation of a fertilized egg. In some women, the progestogen-only pill also suppresses ovulation, although this is not its primary mechanism of action.

Types of Progestogen[edit | edit source]

There are several types of progestogens used in progestogen-only pills, including norethisterone, levonorgestrel, and desogestrel. Each of these progestogens has slightly different properties and may be chosen based on individual health needs and side effect profiles.

Norgestrel structure

Usage and Administration[edit | edit source]

The progestogen-only pill is taken orally, once a day, at the same time each day. Consistency in timing is crucial for maintaining its effectiveness. Unlike the combined pill, there is no "pill-free" week, and the POP must be taken continuously.

Effectiveness[edit | edit source]

When taken correctly, the progestogen-only pill is over 99% effective at preventing pregnancy. However, typical use, which may include missed pills or taking the pill at varying times, reduces its effectiveness to about 91%.

Side Effects[edit | edit source]

Common side effects of the progestogen-only pill include irregular menstrual bleeding, headaches, breast tenderness, and mood changes. Some women may experience no periods at all, while others may have more frequent or prolonged bleeding.

Advantages and Disadvantages[edit | edit source]

Advantages[edit | edit source]

  • Suitable for women who cannot take estrogen.
  • Can be used during breastfeeding.
  • Lower risk of thrombosis compared to combined pills.

Disadvantages[edit | edit source]

Related Pages[edit | edit source]

WikiMD
Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index‏‎ - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes

Search WikiMD

Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro / Zepbound) available.
Advertise on WikiMD

WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

Let Food Be Thy Medicine
Medicine Thy Food - Hippocrates

Medical Disclaimer: WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. The information on WikiMD is provided as an information resource only, may be incorrect, outdated or misleading, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Please consult your health care provider before making any healthcare decisions or for guidance about a specific medical condition. WikiMD expressly disclaims responsibility, and shall have no liability, for any damages, loss, injury, or liability whatsoever suffered as a result of your reliance on the information contained in this site. By visiting this site you agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, which may from time to time be changed or supplemented by WikiMD. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter or use this site. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates, categories Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.

Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD