Minipill

Minipill is a type of birth control that contains only one hormone, progestin. Unlike combination birth control pills, the minipill doesn't contain estrogen. The progestin dose in a minipill is lower than the progestin dose in any combination pill.

Mechanism of action

The minipill thickens cervical mucus and thins the lining of the uterus (endometrium) — preventing sperm from reaching the egg. The minipill also suppresses ovulation, but not consistently. For maximum effectiveness, minipills must be taken at the same time every day, without skipping any doses.

Benefits

Minipills are an option for women who can't use estrogen-based birth control due to reasons such as breastfeeding, high blood pressure, blood clots, migraines, and certain types of heart disease or liver disease.

Side effects

Common side effects of the minipill include irregular menstrual bleeding, ovarian cysts, decreased libido, headache, breast tenderness, nausea, and dizziness. Less common side effects include changes in weight, changes in mood, hair loss or increased hair on the face or body.

Risks

If you're overweight or obese, the minipill might not be as effective in preventing pregnancy. If you have a history of breast cancer, using the minipill might increase your risk of this disease. If you have a history of liver disease, you might not be able to take the minipill.

Interactions

Certain medications and supplements can make the minipill less effective, including rifampin, some anti-seizure medications, St. John's wort, and some HIV medications.

See also

• Birth control
• Progestin
• Estrogen
• Ovulation

Minipill Resources
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