Monomethylauristatin F

Monomethylauristatin F

Monomethylauristatin F (MMAF) is a synthetic antineoplastic agent. It is part of the auristatin family, which are microtubule-disrupting agents. MMAF is a potent inhibitor of cell division and growth, which makes it a valuable tool in the development of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs).

History

Monomethylauristatin F was first synthesized in the late 20th century as part of a broader effort to develop new treatments for cancer. It is derived from dolastatin 10, a naturally occurring compound found in the sea hare Dolabella auricularia.

Mechanism of Action

MMAF works by inhibiting tubulin polymerization, disrupting the formation of the mitotic spindle, and thus preventing cell division. This mechanism of action is similar to that of other microtubule-disrupting agents, such as vinblastine and paclitaxel.

Use in Antibody-Drug Conjugates

MMAF is most commonly used as a cytotoxic component of antibody-drug conjugates. In this context, it is linked to a specific antibody that targets a particular cancer cell antigen. The antibody delivers MMAF directly to the cancer cells, where it can exert its cytotoxic effect with minimal impact on healthy cells.

Safety and Side Effects

Like all antineoplastic agents, MMAF can have serious side effects. These can include neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and peripheral neuropathy. However, because it is typically delivered directly to cancer cells, its side effects are often less severe than those of traditional chemotherapy.

See Also

• Antibody-drug conjugate
• Auristatin
• Microtubule
• Mitosis