Mudra

Mudra is a symbolic or ritual gesture in Hinduism and Buddhism. While some mudras involve the entire body, most are performed with the hands and fingers. A mudra is a spiritual gesture and an energetic seal of authenticity employed in the iconography and spiritual practice of Indian religions.

Etymology

The word mudra is Sanskrit, and it means "seal", "mark", or "gesture". It has been used in the iconography of Hindu and Buddhist art of the Indian subcontinent and described in the scriptures, such as Nātyaśāstra, which lists 24 asamyuta hastas (single-hand gestures) and 13 samyuta hastas (joined-hand gestures).

Types of Mudras

There are different types of mudras, such as Mantra mudra, Mandala mudra, Yoga mudra, and Hasta mudra. Each of these mudras has a specific meaning and conveys a specific feeling.

Mantra Mudra

Mantra mudras are those performed with fingers using a specific sequence and rhythm. They are used in conjunction with chanting and meditation.

Mandala Mudra

Mandala mudras are symbolic gestures used for evoking deities or energies. They are usually performed with both hands.

Yoga Mudra

Yoga mudras are used in yoga practice to help channel energy flow in the body. Different yoga mudras involve placing the hands and fingers in certain positions.

Hasta Mudra

Hasta mudras or hand mudras represent various feelings, conditions, and inner states. These are the gestures that can be seen in statues of Buddha.

In Hinduism

In Hinduism, mudras are used in conjunction with pranayama (yogic breathing exercises), generally while seated in Padmasana, Sukhasana or Vajrasana pose, to stimulate different parts of the body involved with breathing and to affect the flow of prana in the body.

In Buddhism

In Buddhism, mudras are used in iconography and tantra. They are also used in certain practices like healing practices.

See Also

• Yoga
• Meditation
• Buddhism
• Hinduism

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