Multidrug resistance

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a condition enabling a disease-causing organism to resist distinct drugs or chemicals that are intended to inhibit its development. This resistance can be attributed to a gene in the organism's DNA that allows it to produce an enzyme that neutralizes the drug's effect.

Mechanism

The mechanism of multidrug resistance in some bacteria has been linked to the overproduction of efflux pumps. These pumps are proteins located in the cell membrane that act as 'sponges', soaking up the drug and expelling it out of the cell. This prevents the drug from reaching its target within the cell, rendering it ineffective.

Causes

Multidrug resistance can be caused by a number of factors. These include the overuse or misuse of antibiotics, the spread of resistant strains of bacteria, and the ability of bacteria to acquire resistance genes from other bacteria.

Treatment

Treatment of multidrug-resistant infections can be challenging. It often involves the use of combination therapy, where two or more antibiotics are used together to try and overcome the resistance. However, this can lead to further resistance if not managed correctly.

See also

• Antibiotic resistance
• Drug resistance
• Superbug (bacteria)

References

Multidrug resistance Resources
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