Musculus pterygoideus lateralis

Musculus pterygoideus lateralis, also known as the lateral pterygoid muscle, is an important muscle located in the head and neck region. In this article, we will discuss the anatomy, function, and clinical significance of the musculus pterygoideus lateralis.

Anatomy

The musculus pterygoideus lateralis is one of the four muscles that make up the muscles of mastication. It is a paired muscle, meaning that there is one on each side of the face. The muscle originates from the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and inserts onto the condyle of the mandible.

Function

The main function of the musculus pterygoideus lateralis is to assist in the movement of the mandible during mastication, or chewing. It works in conjunction with the other muscles of mastication to produce the necessary force for biting and grinding food. Additionally, this muscle also plays a role in opening the mouth and protruding the mandible.

Clinical Significance

The musculus pterygoideus lateralis can be involved in various clinical conditions. Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ) is a common condition that affects the joint connecting the jawbone to the skull. Dysfunction of the musculus pterygoideus lateralis can contribute to TMJ symptoms such as jaw pain, clicking or popping sounds, and difficulty in opening or closing the mouth.

In some cases, the musculus pterygoideus lateralis may also be affected by myofascial pain syndrome. This condition is characterized by the presence of trigger points, which are hyperirritable spots in the muscle that can cause referred pain and muscle dysfunction.

See Also

• Muscles of mastication
• Temporomandibular joint disorder
• Myofascial pain syndrome