Myocardium

Myocardium is the muscular tissue of the heart. It is one of the three layers that make up the heart, the other two being the endocardium and the epicardium. The myocardium is responsible for the contraction of the heart, which pumps blood throughout the body.

Structure

The myocardium is composed of cardiac muscle cells, which are connected by intercalated discs. These discs allow for the rapid transmission of electrical impulses between cells, enabling the heart to contract as a unit. The myocardium is surrounded by the epicardium, a thin layer of connective tissue, and the endocardium, which lines the interior of the heart.

Function

The primary function of the myocardium is to contract and relax, pumping blood throughout the body. This is achieved through the process of cardiac cycle, which involves the coordinated contraction and relaxation of the atria and ventricles of the heart. The myocardium also plays a role in regulating the heart's rhythm and rate.

Clinical significance

Diseases of the myocardium, known as myocardial disease, can have serious health implications. These include myocardial infarction (heart attack), myocarditis (inflammation of the myocardium), and cardiomyopathy (disease of the heart muscle). Treatment for these conditions can involve medication, surgery, or lifestyle changes.

See also

• Cardiology
• Heart
• Cardiac muscle

References

Myocardium Resources
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