NCX
NCX or Sodium-calcium exchanger is an antiporter membrane protein that removes calcium from cells. It uses the energy that is stored in the electrochemical gradient of sodium (Na+) ions by allowing Na+ to flow down its gradient across the plasma membrane in exchange for the countertransport of calcium ions (Ca2+). This exchanger is considered one of the most important cellular mechanisms for the removal of Ca2+.
Function[edit | edit source]
The primary function of the NCX is to maintain intracellular homeostasis of Ca2+. It does this by removing Ca2+ from the cell, which is crucial for preventing the toxic effects of Ca2+ overload. The NCX has a particularly important role in heart cells, where it helps to regulate the contraction and relaxation of the heart muscle.
Structure[edit | edit source]
The NCX is a large protein with nine transmembrane segments. The protein is organized into two main domains: the transmembrane domain, which is responsible for ion transport, and the regulatory domain, which controls the activity of the exchanger.
Clinical significance[edit | edit source]
Alterations in the function or expression of the NCX can lead to a variety of diseases, including heart failure, arrhythmias, and certain neurological disorders. Therefore, the NCX is considered a potential therapeutic target for these conditions.
See also[edit | edit source]
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