NFYB

NFYB or Nuclear Transcription Factor Y Subunit Beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFYB gene. This protein is a part of the Nuclear Transcription Factor Y (NF-Y) complex, which plays a critical role in the transcription of genes involved in cell cycle regulation, differentiation, and development. NFYB, along with NFYA and NFYC, forms the trimeric NF-Y complex, which binds to the CCAAT motif within the promoters of target genes, facilitating transcriptional activation or repression depending on the context.

Function

The NF-Y complex is unique in its binding specificity to the CCAAT box, a common promoter element found in about 30% of eukaryotic genes. NFYB, the beta subunit, is essential for the DNA-binding and transcriptional activity of the NF-Y complex. It interacts directly with NFYC, and this interaction is critical for the formation of the NF-Y trimeric complex. The NF-Y complex is involved in the regulation of a diverse set of genes, including those involved in cell cycle control, apoptosis, DNA repair, and lipid metabolism.

Structure

NFYB is characterized by a highly conserved domain necessary for the formation of the NF-Y complex. This domain facilitates the interaction with the NFYC subunit, and together, they provide a structural scaffold for the DNA-binding subunit, NFYA, to interact with the CCAAT box in the DNA. The NFYB subunit does not directly bind DNA but is essential for the structural integrity and function of the NF-Y complex.

Clinical Significance

Alterations in the expression or function of NFYB have been implicated in various human diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. Given its role in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, NFYB is considered a potential target for therapeutic intervention in cancer and other diseases characterized by abnormal cell proliferation.

Research

Research on NFYB has focused on understanding its role in gene regulation and its potential as a therapeutic target. Studies have explored the mechanism by which NFYB and the NF-Y complex contribute to the regulation of specific genes and how alterations in NFYB expression affect cell function and disease progression.

NFYB Resources
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