NSP3

NSP3 or Non-structural protein 3 is a protein that is encoded by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It is one of the 16 non-structural proteins that are produced by the virus and plays a crucial role in the virus's life cycle.

Function

NSP3 is a multi-domain protein that has several functions in the virus's life cycle. It is involved in the processing of the viral polyprotein, which is a large protein that is produced by the virus and then cut into smaller proteins. NSP3 contains a protease domain, which is responsible for this cutting process.

In addition to its role in polyprotein processing, NSP3 also has a role in counteracting the host's immune response. It does this by interfering with the host's interferon response, which is a key part of the immune system's defense against viral infections.

Structure

The structure of NSP3 is complex, with multiple domains that each have a different function. These include a macro domain, a papain-like protease domain, and a zinc finger domain. The macro domain is involved in removing ADP-ribose from proteins, the papain-like protease domain is involved in cutting the viral polyprotein, and the zinc finger domain is thought to be involved in RNA binding.

Clinical significance

Because of its crucial role in the virus's life cycle, NSP3 is a potential target for antiviral drugs. Several drugs that target the protease domain of NSP3 are currently being investigated.

See also

• SARS-CoV-2 non-structural proteins
• Coronavirus disease 2019

NSP3 Resources
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