Nasal allergy

Nasal Allergy, also known as Allergic Rhinitis, is a type of inflammation in the nose which occurs when the immune system overreacts to allergens in the air. Signs and symptoms may include a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, red, itchy, and watery eyes, and swelling around the eyes. The fluid from the nose is usually clear. It is a common condition, affecting more than 20% of people in the United States.

Causes

Nasal allergies are caused by an overreaction of the body's immune system to a foreign substance (Allergen) that is inhaled through the nose. Common allergens include Pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds, Dust Mites, animal dander, and mold. When these allergens come into contact with the body, they cause the immune system to release chemicals such as histamine, which lead to the symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

Symptoms

The symptoms of nasal allergy can vary from mild to severe and include:

• Runny or stuffy nose
• Sneezing
• Itchy nose, eyes, ears, and throat
• Watery, red, or swollen eyes
• Postnasal drip
• Cough

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of nasal allergies typically involves a medical history and a physical examination. A doctor may also recommend Allergy Testing to identify the specific allergens causing the reaction. This can be done through skin prick tests or blood tests.

Treatment

Treatment for nasal allergies includes avoiding known allergens, using Antihistamines, Nasal Sprays containing corticosteroids, decongestants, and sometimes Immunotherapy (allergy shots). Lifestyle changes, such as using air purifiers and keeping windows closed during high pollen seasons, can also help manage symptoms.

Prevention

Preventing nasal allergy symptoms can often be achieved by avoiding exposure to the allergens that trigger symptoms. This may include staying indoors on days when pollen counts are high, using air conditioning, and keeping the home free of dust mites, pet dander, and mold.

Epidemiology

Nasal allergies affect a significant portion of the population worldwide, with variations in prevalence depending on geographic location and environmental factors. It is more common in developed countries and urban areas, where higher levels of pollution and lifestyle factors may contribute to the higher incidence of allergic diseases.

See Also

• Asthma
• Eczema
• Hay Fever
• Immunology