Neuroregeneration

Neuroregeneration refers to the regrowth or repair of nervous tissues, cells or cell products. It involves many different processes including the generation of new neurons, glia, axons, myelin, or synapses. Neuroregeneration differs between the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and the central nervous system (CNS) by the functional mechanisms and especially the extent and speed.

Mechanisms of Neuroregeneration

Neuroregeneration can occur in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and, to some extent, in the Central Nervous System (CNS). The process of neuroregeneration in PNS is significantly better than in CNS due to some reasons.

Peripheral Nervous System

In the PNS, after an injury, the proximal stump of the nerve begins to sprout axons, and the distal stump prepares for the incoming axons by expressing adhesion molecules and trophic factors.

Central Nervous System

In the CNS, the glial cells create a glial scar, inhibiting axon regeneration. The glial scar contains chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans, which inhibit axon regrowth.

Factors Affecting Neuroregeneration

Several factors can affect neuroregeneration, including age, the severity of the injury, and the location of the injury.

Neuroregeneration Research

Research in neuroregeneration involves the study of the regrowth or repair of nervous tissues, cells or cell products. This includes the generation of new neurons, glia, axons, myelin, or synapses.

See Also

• Neurogenesis
• Neuroplasticity
• Neurotrophic factors
• Stem cell treatments

References

• File:Guillain-barré syndrome - Nerve Damage.gif