Neurohormones

Neurohormones are a class of hormones that are produced and released by neurons. They are a type of neurotransmitter that are transported to the bloodstream and affect distant cells. Neurohormones play a crucial role in the regulation of various body functions, including metabolism, growth, and mood regulation.

Production and Release

Neurohormones are produced in the neuroendocrine cells of the brain. These cells are capable of receiving neural input and, as a response, releasing hormones into the bloodstream. The production and release of neurohormones are regulated by various factors, including stress, diet, and circadian rhythms.

Types of Neurohormones

There are several types of neurohormones, including oxytocin, vasopressin, and melatonin. Oxytocin is involved in social bonding and childbirth, vasopressin regulates the body's water balance, and melatonin regulates sleep patterns.

Oxytocin

Oxytocin is a neurohormone produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. It plays a crucial role in social bonding, sexual reproduction, childbirth, and the period after childbirth.

Vasopressin

Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is a neurohormone produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. It helps regulate the body's water balance by controlling the amount of water the kidneys reabsorb.

Melatonin

Melatonin is a neurohormone produced in the pineal gland. It helps regulate sleep patterns by controlling the body's circadian rhythms.

Functions of Neurohormones

Neurohormones play a crucial role in the regulation of various body functions. They help regulate metabolism, growth, mood, sleep patterns, and water balance. They also play a role in social bonding and sexual reproduction.

See Also

• Hormones
• Neurotransmitters
• Endocrine system
• Neuroendocrine system

References

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