Neurophysiological

Neurophysiology is a branch of physiology and neuroscience that is concerned with the study of the functioning of the nervous system. The discipline applies the principles of biology, chemistry, and physics to understand how millions of neurons in the brain and peripheral nerves interact to produce behavior and cognition.

History

The study of neurophysiology has been a subject of interest since antiquity. Early knowledge on the functioning of the nervous system was based on empirical findings, primarily due to the limited understanding of the biological and physical principles that apply to the nervous system.

Branches of Neurophysiology

Neurophysiology is a broad field that encompasses several sub-disciplines. These include:

• Clinical Neurophysiology: This branch is concerned with the diagnosis and monitoring of neurological disorders. It involves the use of techniques such as electroencephalography (EEG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS).

• Cognitive Neurophysiology: This branch focuses on how the brain processes information and contributes to cognition and behavior. It often involves the use of neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

• Comparative Neurophysiology: This branch involves the study of the nervous systems of different species to understand the evolutionary development of the nervous system.

Techniques in Neurophysiology

Neurophysiologists use a variety of techniques to study the nervous system. These include:

• Electrophysiology: This involves the measurement of electrical activity in neurons.

• Neuroimaging: This involves the use of imaging techniques such as MRI and positron emission tomography (PET) to visualize the structure and function of the brain.

• Neuropsychology: This involves the study of the relationship between the brain and behavior.

See Also

• Neurology
• Neuroscience
• Neurobiology
• Neuropsychology

Neurophysiological Resources
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