Nitroxinil

Nitroxinil is a chemical compound used as an anthelmintic. It is specifically used to treat Fasciola hepatica infections in cattle and sheep. Nitroxinil is a halogenated phenolic compound with a nitro group at the 4-position.

Chemical Properties

Nitroxinil is a yellowish, crystalline powder. It is slightly soluble in water and freely soluble in most organic solvents. The chemical formula for nitroxinil is C7H3Cl2NO3 and its molecular weight is 230.01 g/mol.

Pharmacology

Nitroxinil is a flukicide, meaning it is used to kill liver flukes. It works by inhibiting the fluke's ability to metabolize glucose, which is their primary source of energy. This causes the fluke to become immobilized and eventually die.

Usage

Nitroxinil is administered orally to cattle and sheep. The recommended dosage is 10 mg/kg body weight for cattle and 7.5 mg/kg body weight for sheep. It is important to note that nitroxinil should not be used in animals with known hypersensitivity to the drug.

Side Effects

Possible side effects of nitroxinil include anorexia, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. In rare cases, nitroxinil can cause jaundice and hepatotoxicity.

Precautions

Nitroxinil should not be used in animals with known hypersensitivity to the drug. It should also not be used in animals with severe liver disease. Pregnant and lactating animals should only be treated with nitroxinil under the supervision of a veterinarian.

See Also

• Anthelmintic
• Fasciola hepatica
• Flukicide

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