OR4N4

OR4N4 is a gene that encodes a member of the olfactory receptor family of proteins. These proteins are part of the G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily, which are responsible for detecting odorants and initiating the sense of smell.

Function

Olfactory receptors, such as OR4N4, interact with odorant molecules in the olfactory epithelium of the nose to initiate a neuronal response that results in the perception of smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are characterized by a 7-transmembrane domain structure, which is a common feature of many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors.

Gene Family

The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the human genome. The OR4N4 gene is one of many olfactory receptor genes located on chromosome 15. These genes are expressed in a spatially and temporally regulated manner, contributing to the diversity of odorant detection.

Pathways

OR4N4 is involved in the olfactory signaling pathway, which is crucial for the detection and processing of odorant signals. This pathway involves the binding of odorants to receptors, activation of G proteins, and subsequent signal transduction leading to neuronal activation.

Clinical Significance

While specific clinical implications of OR4N4 are not well-documented, variations in olfactory receptor genes can influence olfactory perception and have been studied in the context of anosmia and other olfactory disorders.

Research

Research on olfactory receptors like OR4N4 continues to explore their role in sensory biology and potential implications in neurological disorders. Understanding the genetic basis of olfaction can provide insights into human evolution and genetic diversity.

See Also

• Olfactory receptor
• G protein-coupled receptor
• Chromosome 15

External Links

• OR4N4 Gene - NCBI
• OR4N4 Gene - GeneCards