Oahu

Oahu

Hawaii-Oahu-TF

File:Oahu, Hawai'i.ogv

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Aerial view of Pearl Harbor on 1 June 1986 (6422248)

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Arizona Memorial at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii

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Oahu2021OSM

Oahu is the third largest of the Hawaiian Islands and the most populous island in the state of Hawaii, United States. It is home to approximately two-thirds of Hawaii's population. The state capital, Honolulu, is on Oahu's southeast coast and is one of the major financial and business hubs of the Pacific. Oahu is known for its diverse landscapes, ranging from the iconic Waikiki Beach and the towering cliffs of the Nuuanu Pali to the world-renowned surfing destinations on the North Shore.

Geography

Oahu is separated into three main regions: the Windward Coast on the east, the North Shore on the north, and the Leeward Coast on the west. The island's interior is dominated by two mountain ranges: the Waianae Range on the west and the Koolau Range on the east, with the central valley known as the Central Oahu Plain between them.

The island has a total land area of approximately 596 square miles (1,545 km²) and is the 20th largest island in the United States. Oahu's coastline is dotted with numerous beaches, bays, and offshore islands, including the famous Pearl Harbor, which played a significant role in World War II.

History

Oahu has a rich history that dates back centuries before the arrival of Captain James Cook in 1778. It was originally settled by Polynesian navigators who arrived in double-hulled canoes. The island played a significant role in the history of the Hawaiian Kingdom, with notable historical figures such as King Kamehameha I using it as a base to unite the Hawaiian Islands.

In more recent history, Oahu was the site of the Pearl Harbor attack on December 7, 1941, which led to the United States' entry into World War II. Today, memorials and museums at Pearl Harbor serve as a reminder of this pivotal moment in U.S. history.

Economy

Oahu's economy is diverse, with tourism being the largest sector. The island attracts millions of visitors each year who come to enjoy its beaches, natural scenery, and historical sites. Other significant sectors include the military, which has a strong presence on the island, and agriculture, with products such as coffee, cacao, and tropical fruits being grown.

Culture

Oahu is a melting pot of cultures, reflecting its history of immigration from Asia, the Pacific Islands, and other parts of the world. This diversity is evident in the island's culinary scene, festivals, and the arts. Oahu is also known for its contributions to music, particularly the ukulele and slack-key guitar, which are integral to Hawaiian music.

Tourism

Tourism is a vital part of Oahu's economy and culture. The island offers a wide range of activities and attractions, from surfing and snorkeling to hiking and exploring historical sites. Key attractions include Waikiki Beach, Pearl Harbor, the North Shore, and the Polynesian Cultural Center.

Transportation

Oahu has a comprehensive transportation network, including the Daniel K. Inouye International Airport, which serves as a major hub for travel to and from Hawaii. The island also has a public bus system, and plans for a rail transit system are underway to help alleviate traffic congestion.

Environmental Issues

Oahu faces several environmental challenges, including coastal erosion, coral reef degradation, and the impact of invasive species on native ecosystems. Efforts are being made to address these issues through conservation and sustainable practices.