Odontogenic sinusitis

Odontogenic sinusitis

Odontogenic sinusitis is a form of sinusitis that results from dental issues, such as an infection of the teeth or the surrounding structures. It is a significant cause of maxillary sinusitis, given the close anatomical relationship between the maxillary teeth and the maxillary sinus. This condition can arise due to various dental problems, including periapical abscess, periodontal disease, or complications following dental procedures.

Causes

Odontogenic sinusitis is primarily caused by an infection that has spread from the maxillary teeth to the maxillary sinus. This can occur through several mechanisms:

• Periapical abscess: An infection at the tip of the tooth root can spread directly into the sinus.
• Periodontal disease: Infections in the structures around the teeth, such as the gums, can lead to sinusitis.
• Dental procedures: Complications from dental surgeries, especially in the upper jaw, can lead to an opening between the mouth and the sinus, facilitating infections.

Symptoms

Symptoms of odontogenic sinusitis may overlap with those of traditional sinusitis but often include:

• Persistent nasal discharge, which may be purulent
• Unilateral facial pain or pressure
• Dental pain, particularly in the upper teeth
• Bad breath (halitosis)
• Reduced sense of smell (anosmia)

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of odontogenic sinusitis involves a combination of clinical examination, dental evaluation, and imaging studies. Computed tomography (CT) scans are particularly useful in identifying the source of the infection and assessing the extent of sinus involvement.

Treatment

Treatment of odontogenic sinusitis focuses on addressing the underlying dental infection and may include:

• Antibiotic therapy, tailored to the specific bacteria causing the infection
• Dental procedures, such as root canal treatment or extraction of the affected tooth
• Sinus surgery, in cases where the infection does not resolve with dental treatment alone

Prevention

Preventive measures for odontogenic sinusitis include maintaining good dental hygiene, regular dental check-ups, and prompt treatment of dental infections.

See also

• Sinusitis
• Maxillary sinus
• Periapical abscess
• Periodontal disease