Oenanthe crocata

Oenanthe crocata, also known as Hemlock Water Dropwort, is a highly toxic plant native to Europe and North Africa. It belongs to the family Apiaceae and is considered one of the most poisonous plants in the United Kingdom.

Description

Oenanthe crocata is a perennial plant that grows up to 1.5 meters tall. It has a thick, fleshy rootstock that resembles a cluster of white carrots. The leaves are pinnate, with leaflets divided into lobes. The plant produces small white flowers in umbrella-like clusters from June to August.

Distribution and Habitat

Oenanthe crocata is found in damp, marshy areas such as riverbanks, ditches, and wet meadows across Europe and North Africa. In the United Kingdom, it is particularly common in the west and south.

Toxicity

The entire plant, especially the roots, contains a potent toxin called oenanthotoxin. Ingestion can cause severe poisoning in both humans and animals, leading to symptoms such as nausea, convulsions, and potentially death. The plant's roots, which can be mistaken for edible plants like parsnips or carrots, are particularly dangerous.

Cultural Significance

Despite its toxicity, Oenanthe crocata has been used in traditional medicine in some cultures. However, due to its high toxicity, it is not commonly used today.

See Also

• List of poisonous plants
• Apiaceae
• Oenanthotoxin

References

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