Official statistics

UNECE Germany 2010

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Official statistics are quantified data collected and published by governmental agencies or other public bodies to inform decision-making, support policy development, and enable research within a country or region. These statistics are a crucial component of public information, providing a basis for making informed decisions on a wide range of social, economic, and environmental issues.

Definition and Purpose

Official statistics are defined by their role in providing an accurate, comprehensive, and detailed picture of the society, economy, and environment. They are typically produced by National Statistical Offices (NSOs) and other governmental agencies. The primary purpose of official statistics is to offer an empirical basis for public and private decision-making. They are used to assess and monitor the health of the economy, the effectiveness of government policy, and the progress towards national and international goals, such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Production and Standards

The production of official statistics is governed by principles and standards that ensure their reliability, relevance, impartiality, and accessibility. These principles are internationally agreed upon and include the United Nations Fundamental Principles of Official Statistics and the European Statistics Code of Practice. These frameworks aim to ensure that official statistics meet the highest standards of quality and can be trusted by users.

Categories of Official Statistics

Official statistics cover a wide range of topics and can be categorized into several areas, including, but not limited to:

• Economic statistics: Data on economic activity, such as GDP, inflation rates, and employment figures.
• Social statistics: Information on demographic trends, education, health, and welfare.
• Environmental statistics: Data on natural resources, climate change, and environmental protection.
• Population and housing censuses: Comprehensive data on the characteristics of the population and housing stock.

Challenges and Criticisms

Despite their importance, official statistics face several challenges, including maintaining relevance in a rapidly changing world, ensuring data privacy and security, and addressing perceptions of bias or manipulation. Critics may argue that official statistics do not always accurately represent the reality of all groups within society, particularly marginalized communities.

Future Directions

The future of official statistics is likely to be shaped by advances in technology, including the use of big data and artificial intelligence to collect and analyze data. There is also a growing emphasis on making data more accessible and understandable to the general public, as well as increasing the transparency of the statistical production process.

See Also

• Big Data
• Data Privacy
• United Nations Statistics Division
• European Statistical System

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