Oxalis montana

Oxalis montana, commonly known as the mountain woodsorrel, is a species of flowering plant in the Oxalidaceae family. It is native to North America, where it is found in cool, moist, montane forests. This perennial herb is notable for its delicate, pink-veined, white flowers and its clover-like leaves that fold up at night or in response to touch, a phenomenon known as nyctinasty.

Description

Oxalis montana grows from a rhizome and reaches heights of 10-15 cm. The leaves are trifoliate, resembling a clover, which is a characteristic feature of the genus Oxalis. Each leaflet is heart-shaped, and the plant can be identified by the distinct pink or purple veining in its white petals. The flowers, which bloom from late spring to early summer, are borne singly on long stalks that arise from the leaf axils.

Habitat and Distribution

This species is primarily found in the Appalachian and Rocky Mountains, extending into parts of Canada. It thrives in moist, shaded areas, often under the canopy of deciduous or mixed forests. Oxalis montana prefers acidic soil and can be found at elevations up to 3000 meters.

Ecology

The mountain woodsorrel plays a role in its ecosystem by providing nectar for pollinators. Its seeds are dispersed by ants, a process known as myrmecochory, which helps in the propagation of the species. The plant's ability to fold its leaves may protect it from herbivory and excessive sunlight.

Cultivation and Uses

While not commonly cultivated, Oxalis montana can be grown in gardens that mimic its natural, moist, and shaded habitat. It requires well-drained, acidic soil and can be propagated by division in the spring or fall. In traditional medicine, parts of the plant have been used for their mild astringent properties, although it is not widely used today.

Conservation

Currently, there are no major threats to Oxalis montana, and it is not listed on any conservation watchlists. However, habitat destruction and climate change could potentially impact its populations in the future.