PR
PR (Prolactin Receptor)
The Prolactin Receptor (PR) is a type of protein that is encoded by the PRLR gene in humans. It is a member of the cytokine receptor family. The prolactin receptor is associated with several key biological processes, including lactation, immunoregulation, and osmoregulation.
Structure[edit | edit source]
The Prolactin Receptor is a single-pass transmembrane receptor that is structurally similar to other members of the cytokine receptor family. It consists of an extracellular region that binds prolactin, a transmembrane region, and an intracellular region that mediates signal transduction.
Function[edit | edit source]
The primary function of the Prolactin Receptor is to bind prolactin, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland. This binding triggers a series of intracellular events that lead to the activation of various signaling pathways, including the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, the MAPK/ERK pathway, and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. These pathways regulate a variety of biological processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and survival.
Clinical significance[edit | edit source]
Alterations in the function of the Prolactin Receptor have been implicated in several diseases, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and autoimmune diseases. In particular, overexpression of the Prolactin Receptor has been observed in breast cancer, suggesting a potential role in tumor progression.
See also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD
