PRECEDE-PROCEED model

PRECEDE-PROCEED Model

The PRECEDE-PROCEED model is a widely used framework in public health and community development for planning, implementing, and evaluating health promotion and intervention programs. It provides a systematic approach to identify and address the factors that influence health behaviors and outcomes. This article will provide a detailed overview of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model, its components, and its application in various settings.

Overview

The PRECEDE-PROCEED model was developed by Lawrence W. Green and Marshall W. Kreuter in the 1970s as a comprehensive planning framework for health promotion programs. It is based on the premise that health behaviors and outcomes are influenced by a complex interplay of individual, social, and environmental factors. The model aims to guide practitioners in understanding these factors and designing interventions that are tailored to the specific needs of the target population.

The name "PRECEDE-PROCEED" stands for "Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation - Policy, Regulatory, and Organizational Constructs in Educational and Environmental Development." This lengthy name reflects the two main phases of the model: the PRECEDE phase and the PROCEED phase.

PRECEDE Phase

The PRECEDE phase focuses on the diagnosis and assessment of the problem or issue at hand. It involves a thorough analysis of the factors that contribute to the health behavior or outcome in question. The key components of the PRECEDE phase are as follows:

1. Social Assessment: This involves understanding the social, cultural, and economic factors that influence health behaviors. It includes assessing the community's values, beliefs, and norms related to the behavior or outcome being addressed.

2. Epidemiological Assessment: This involves analyzing the prevalence and distribution of the health behavior or outcome in the target population. It helps identify high-risk groups and prioritize intervention efforts.

3. Behavioral and Environmental Assessment: This involves examining the individual and environmental factors that influence the behavior or outcome. It includes assessing knowledge, attitudes, skills, and resources related to the behavior.

4. Educational and Ecological Assessment: This involves identifying the educational and ecological factors that can be modified to promote the desired behavior or outcome. It includes assessing the availability and accessibility of resources, policies, and regulations.

PROCEED Phase

The PROCEED phase focuses on the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the intervention program. It builds upon the findings from the PRECEDE phase and aims to develop effective strategies for behavior change. The key components of the PROCEED phase are as follows:

1. Implementation: This involves designing and implementing the intervention program based on the findings from the PRECEDE phase. It includes developing educational materials, conducting training sessions, and mobilizing community resources.

2. Process Evaluation: This involves assessing the implementation process to ensure that the intervention is being delivered as planned. It helps identify any barriers or challenges that may affect the program's effectiveness.

3. Impact Evaluation: This involves measuring the immediate effects of the intervention on the target population. It assesses changes in knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and health outcomes.

4. Outcome Evaluation: This involves assessing the long-term effects of the intervention on the target population. It measures changes in health behaviors and outcomes over time.

Application

The PRECEDE-PROCEED model has been widely applied in various settings and for a range of health issues. It has been used to develop interventions for smoking cessation, physical activity promotion, healthy eating, substance abuse prevention, and many other health-related behaviors.

The model's strength lies in its comprehensive and systematic approach to program planning and evaluation. By considering multiple factors that influence health behaviors, it helps practitioners develop interventions that are more likely to be effective and sustainable.

Conclusion

The PRECEDE-PROCEED model is a valuable framework for planning, implementing, and evaluating health promotion and intervention programs. Its emphasis on understanding the underlying factors that influence health behaviors allows for the development of tailored interventions that address the specific needs of the target population. By following the systematic steps outlined in the model, practitioners can increase the likelihood of success in improving health outcomes and promoting positive behavior change.

See Also

• Health Promotion
• Behavior Change
• Community Development