Paenibacillus alvei

Paenibacillus alvei is a species of bacteria that belongs to the genus Paenibacillus. It was first isolated from honey bee hives and is known to cause American foulbrood, a severe disease that affects honey bee larvae.

Taxonomy

Paenibacillus alvei is a member of the Bacillaceae family, which is part of the Bacillales order. The genus Paenibacillus comprises a diverse group of bacteria that are found in a variety of environments, including soil, water, and the gastrointestinal tract of insects.

Morphology

Paenibacillus alvei is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium. It is spore-forming, which allows it to survive in harsh conditions for extended periods of time.

Pathogenicity

Paenibacillus alvei is the causative agent of American foulbrood, a highly contagious and deadly disease that affects honey bee larvae. The bacteria produce spores that are ingested by the larvae, leading to infection and death.

Treatment and Control

Control of American foulbrood involves the destruction of infected hives to prevent the spread of the disease. Antibiotics such as oxytetracycline can be used to treat infected hives, but this is not a long-term solution as the bacteria can develop antibiotic resistance.

Research

Research into Paenibacillus alvei is ongoing, with studies focusing on its pathogenicity, its role in the honey bee microbiome, and potential uses in biotechnology.