Payot

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Black jew of cochin with peyots

Payot (Hebrew: פֵּאָה, plural: פֵּאוֹת), also spelled pe'ot, peyot, or payos, are long sidelocks or sideburns that are left to grow without cutting, in adherence to a Jewish religious mandate derived from the Torah. The practice is most commonly associated with Hasidic and Haredi male followers, but it is also observed to varying degrees in other Jewish communities. The requirement is based on a verse in the Book of Leviticus (19:27), which states, "You shall not round off the corners of your heads, nor shall you mar the corners of your beard." Jewish scholars interpret this commandment as prohibiting the shaving or cutting of the hair in certain areas, leading to the distinctive practice of growing payot.

Biblical and Talmudic Origins

The origin of payot is found in the Torah, specifically in the Book of Leviticus 19:27. The Talmud, a central text in Rabbinic Judaism, further discusses the interpretation of this verse, elaborating on the specific areas of the head and face that should not be shaved or cut. The Talmudic sages debate the extent and manner in which hair should be grown to fulfill this commandment, leading to various practices among Jewish communities.

Cultural and Religious Significance

The wearing of payot is more than a mere observance of a biblical commandment; it carries deep cultural and religious significance. It serves as a physical symbol of the wearer's adherence to Jewish law and his commitment to Jewish identity and values. In many Hasidic and Haredi communities, the style and length of payot can also signify allegiance to a particular Rebbe or Hasidic dynasty.

Variations in Practice

The manner in which payot are worn can vary significantly among different Jewish communities. Some men may twist or curl their payot, while others simply let them hang straight. The length and styling of payot can also differ, with some individuals choosing to tuck them behind their ears or wear them prominently in front of the ears. The practice of growing payot is not universally observed by all Jewish men, and interpretations of the biblical commandment can vary among different rabbinic authorities.

Contemporary Issues and Debates

In modern times, the practice of wearing payot has sometimes led to controversy and debate, both within and outside the Jewish community. Issues of religious freedom, identity, and the challenges of maintaining religious traditions in a secular society have all been part of the discourse surrounding payot. Additionally, individuals wearing payot have occasionally faced discrimination or harassment, highlighting the tensions that can arise between religious practice and societal norms.

See Also

• Judaism
• Hasidic Judaism
• Haredi Judaism
• Book of Leviticus
• Talmud