Pekingese

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Black pekinese tihamer on street

Pekińczyk f64

Cotton the Pekingese

Fenka pekinéze

Pekingese1904

Chinese Spaniel 1903

Pekingese are a breed of toy dog originating from China. Known for their lion-like appearance and distinctive rolling gait, the Pekingese breed has a long and storied history dating back over a thousand years. They were once regarded as royal pets in the Chinese Imperial court and were highly valued for their companionship and ornamental qualities. The breed's name comes from Peking, the former name of Beijing, where the Forbidden City, the Chinese imperial palace, is located.

History

The history of the Pekingese is closely tied to the history of China itself. According to legend, the Pekingese is a product of a lion that fell in love with a marmoset, a type of monkey. To be together, the lion begged the patron saint of animals to reduce him in size but let him keep his great lion heart and brave character. The offspring of this union were the dogs found in the Chinese imperial courts. Realistically, the breed was developed from Asian wolves and was selectively bred for its small size and unique appearance.

For centuries, Pekingese were exclusive to the Chinese imperial family. They were so revered that stealing one was punishable by death. The breed was not known outside of China until 1860, when the British overran the Imperial Palace during the Second Opium War. They brought several of the dogs back to England, where they quickly became popular among the British upper class and royalty.

Characteristics

Pekingese possess a number of distinctive physical and temperamental characteristics. They are compact, stocky dogs weighing up to 14 pounds with a long, flowing coat that comes in various colors, including gold, red, and sable. Their most distinctive feature is their flat face and large, expressive eyes, which contribute to their sometimes perceived "stubborn" demeanor.

Temperament

Pekingese are known for their loyalty and affection towards their owners. They can be reserved around strangers but are not typically aggressive. They have a strong-willed and independent nature, which can make training a challenge. Early socialization and consistent, gentle training are recommended to mold a well-behaved companion.

Health

The breed is prone to certain health issues, primarily due to their brachycephalic (flat-faced) nature. These issues include breathing difficulties, eye ulcers, and skin problems. They are also susceptible to heart problems and obesity if not properly cared for with a balanced diet and regular exercise. Regular veterinary check-ups are essential to monitor and manage these health concerns.

Care

Pekingese require regular grooming to maintain their coat and prevent matting. Their face and eyes also need special attention to keep clean and free of irritation. Despite their small size, they benefit from daily walks and playtime to keep them healthy and mentally stimulated.

Cultural Significance

The Pekingese holds a special place in Chinese culture and history. They are often associated with Buddhist philosophy and are believed to embody the spirit of the lion, a symbol of courage and protection. The breed's long association with Chinese royalty has also made it a symbol of luxury and exclusivity.