Periallocortex

Periallocortex is a region of the cortex that serves as a transitional zone between the allocortex and the isocortex. It is a part of the cerebral cortex and plays a significant role in various neurological functions.

Structure

The periallocortex is located in the temporal lobe and the insular cortex. It is characterized by its unique structure, which is intermediate between the three-layered allocortex and the six-layered isocortex. This region consists of four to five layers, making it distinct from the surrounding cortical areas.

Function

The periallocortex is involved in several important functions. It plays a crucial role in the processing of olfactory information, as it includes the piriform cortex, which is the primary olfactory area of the brain. It is also involved in the regulation of autonomic functions, as it includes the insular cortex, which is associated with the perception of bodily sensations, emotional responses, and homeostatic regulation.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the periallocortex have been associated with various neurological and psychiatric disorders. For instance, changes in the structure and function of the periallocortex have been observed in patients with epilepsy, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of the periallocortex in these conditions and to develop potential therapeutic strategies.

See also

• Cerebral cortex
• Allocortex
• Isocortex
• Temporal lobe
• Insular cortex