Pew

ICS traditional church pews

KingsNortonInterior

Pew detail Old Ship Church

BenchendsSapperton

Church interior, Gotland, Sweden (3611185997)

Pew refers to a long bench seat or enclosed box, used for seating members of a congregation or choir in a church or sometimes a courtroom. The term is derived from the Middle English word 'pewe', which itself comes from the Old French 'puie', meaning 'balcony' or 'elevation'. Historically, pews were made of wood and were often elaborately carved or decorated. They have evolved from simple benches without backs to more comfortable seating with backs and, in some cases, cushioned seats and kneelers.

History

The use of pews in churches dates back to the early Middle Ages, but they became more common in the 15th and 16th centuries, particularly in England. Initially, pews were not fixed to the floor and could be moved around. Over time, as churches became more crowded, pews were installed permanently to maximize seating. In the past, pews were often rented by families as a means of raising revenue for the church. This practice led to social stratification within the congregation, as wealthier families could afford pews in more desirable locations, while poorer parishioners stood or sat in less favorable spots.

Design and Features

Modern pews are typically designed to accommodate a number of people, with lengths varying to fit the space available in the church. They may have book racks attached to the back for holding hymnals and Bibles, and some feature kneelers for prayer. The style and material of pews can vary greatly depending on the architectural style of the church and the period in which it was built. Traditional pews are made of wood, but contemporary designs might use metal, plastic, or other materials.

Cultural Significance

Pews have a significant cultural and social role in churches. They facilitate communal worship by providing a structured space for congregants to sit together during services. The arrangement of pews within a church can influence the congregation's engagement with the service, affecting sightlines to the altar, pulpit, or choir. The concept of pew rentals, although largely phased out, reflects historical practices of social hierarchy within church communities.

Controversies

The fixed nature of pews has been a subject of debate, particularly in the context of making historic churches more versatile and accessible. Some argue that removable seating could allow churches to accommodate a wider range of community events and make it easier for people with disabilities to access the space. Others contend that pews are an essential part of a church's architectural and historical character and should be preserved.

Conclusion

Pews are a fundamental aspect of church furniture, serving both practical and symbolic purposes. They reflect the historical, cultural, and social dynamics of church communities over the centuries. While the role and design of pews may continue to evolve, their presence in churches remains a constant, providing a space for congregants to come together in worship and reflection.