Phenyl

Phenyl is a hydrocarbon molecule that is derived from benzene, by the removal of a hydrogen atom from the benzene molecule. Represented by the symbol Ph, phenyl is used in many chemical reactions, particularly in the production of polymers and plastics.

Structure and bonding

Phenyl is similar to benzene in its structure and bonding. The phenyl group is a six-membered cyclic ring of carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds. The ring is planar and aromatic, with each carbon atom contributing one of its two 2p electrons into a delocalized π system. This delocalized system is responsible for the ring's aromaticity, and increases its stability.

Properties

Phenyl is a colorless liquid at room temperature, with a strong, sweet smell. It is less dense than water and insoluble in it, but soluble in most organic solvents. Phenyl is also a good nucleophile, due to the electron-rich nature of the aromatic ring.

Uses

Phenyl is used in the production of a wide range of chemicals, including phenol, styrene, and aniline. It is also used in the synthesis of many pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

Safety

Phenyl is harmful if swallowed, inhaled, or comes into contact with the skin. It can cause burns and eye damage, and may be fatal if swallowed and enters airways. Appropriate safety measures should be taken when handling phenyl.

See also

• Benzene
• Aromaticity
• Nucleophile
• Phenol
• Styrene
• Aniline

Phenyl Resources
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