Phymatotrichopsis omnivora

Phymatotrichopsis omnivora is a plant pathogenic fungus that causes Phymatotrichum root rot, also known as Texas root rot or cotton root rot. This disease affects a wide range of plants, including cotton, fruit trees, and ornamental plants.

Taxonomy

Phymatotrichopsis omnivora was first described in 1945 by Duggar, B.M., an American mycologist. The species name 'omnivora' refers to its ability to infect a wide range of host plants.

Description

Phymatotrichopsis omnivora is a soil-borne fungus that produces asexual spores. The fungus forms a dense, white mycelium in the soil and on the roots of infected plants. The mycelium can survive in the soil for many years, even in the absence of host plants.

Disease cycle

The disease cycle of Phymatotrichopsis omnivora begins when the fungus comes into contact with the roots of a susceptible plant. The fungus penetrates the root tissue and begins to grow, causing the roots to rot. As the disease progresses, the above-ground parts of the plant begin to wilt and die. The fungus continues to grow in the soil, producing more spores that can infect other plants.

Management

Management of Phymatotrichum root rot is challenging due to the wide host range of Phymatotrichopsis omnivora and its ability to survive in the soil for many years. Cultural practices, such as crop rotation and the use of resistant plant varieties, can help to reduce the impact of the disease. Chemical control options are limited and often not effective.

Economic impact

Phymatotrichum root rot is a significant disease in many agricultural systems, particularly in the southern United States where it is a major problem in cotton production. The disease can also cause significant losses in fruit tree and ornamental plant production.

See also

• List of cotton diseases
• List of tree diseases