Pivampicillin
Pivampicillin is a pivaloyloxymethyl ester of ampicillin. It is a prodrug, which is thought to enhance the oral bioavailability of ampicillin because of its greater lipophilicity compared to that of ampicillin.
Adverse effects[edit | edit source]
Prodrugs that release pivalic acid when broken down by the body—such as pivampicillin, pivmecillinam and cefditoren pivoxil—have long been known to deplete levels of carnitine.[1][2] This is not due to the drug itself, but to pivalate, which is mostly removed from the body by forming a conjugate with carnitine. Although short-term use of these drugs can cause a marked decrease in blood levels of carnitine,[3] it is unlikely to be of clinical significance;[2] long-term use, however, appears problematic and is not recommended.[2][4][5]
References[edit | edit source]
Penicillin antibiotics[edit source]
- penicillins first generation (natural penicillins)
- penicillins second generation (penicillinase-resistant penicillins)
- penicillins third generation (aminopenicillins)
- see also amoxicillin-clavulanate
- penicillins fourth generation (extended-spectrum penicillins)
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