Plant species

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colspan=2 style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)" | Plant species
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Species	Template:Taxonomy/Plant P. species
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Template:Taxonomy/Plant Plant species

A plant species is a basic unit of biological classification and a taxonomic rank. A plant species is defined as the largest group of plants capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring. The concept is a central part of botany and plant taxonomy.

Identification and Classification

The identification of plant species is based on physical characteristics, genetic makeup, and natural behavior. Scientists use a system of binomial nomenclature where each species is given a two-part name, the genus and the species identifier. This system was developed by Carl Linnaeus, and it helps in categorizing and remembering plant species more systematically.

Importance of Plant Species

Plant species are crucial for the survival of most ecosystems on earth. They provide essential resources such as food, medicine, and timber. Plants also play a critical role in the carbon cycle and are integral to the climate system. Additionally, plants contribute to biodiversity, which is vital for ecological resilience.

Conservation

Many plant species are threatened by habitat destruction, climate change, and over-exploitation. Conservation efforts are essential to preserve plant species and their habitats. Protected areas, seed banks, and legal frameworks are some of the methods employed to prevent plant extinction.

Examples of Plant Species

• Quercus robur (Common oak)
• Rosa indica (Indian rose)
• Zea mays (Maize)

See Also

• Flora
• Fauna
• Endangered species
• Invasive species