Platelet disorder

Platelet Disorders are a group of conditions that affect the function of platelets, which are small blood cells that play a crucial role in blood clotting. These disorders can lead to abnormal bleeding or clotting.

Overview

Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, are small, colorless cell fragments in our blood that form clots and stop or prevent bleeding. Platelet disorders can either be inherited or acquired. Inherited platelet disorders are caused by genetic mutations and are usually present from birth. Acquired platelet disorders are more common and can be caused by various conditions such as autoimmune diseases, certain medications, and some types of cancer.

Types of Platelet Disorders

There are several types of platelet disorders, including:

• Thrombocytopenia: This is a condition characterized by a low platelet count. It can be caused by various factors such as certain medications, infections, cancer, and liver disease.

• Thrombocythemia and Thrombocytosis: These are conditions characterized by a high platelet count. They can be caused by various factors such as cancer, inflammation, and after the surgical removal of the spleen.

• Platelet function disorders: These are conditions where the platelets do not work as they should. They can be caused by various factors such as certain medications, kidney disease, and some genetic disorders.

Symptoms

Symptoms of platelet disorders can vary depending on the specific disorder and its severity. Common symptoms can include easy bruising, prolonged bleeding, petechiae (small red or purple spots on the skin), and in severe cases, life-threatening bleeding episodes.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of platelet disorders typically involves blood tests to measure platelet count and function. In some cases, a bone marrow biopsy may be needed.

Treatment

Treatment for platelet disorders depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. It may include medications to increase platelet count or improve platelet function, blood or platelet transfusions, and in some cases, surgery.

See Also

• Blood disorders
• Coagulation
• Hematology

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